ISBN: 9786555502220

Páginas: 464

DOI: 10.5151/9786555502220

Total de downloads: 1.885

Map research bionics: transdisciplinary ecosystems in bionics, biodesign and biomimicry : scientific and technological aspects for a design culture

Amilton Arruda


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Parte I - Ecosystems of academic and meta-projectual activities in Applied Bionics in undergraduate and graduate courses in Design and Architecture

Parte II - Ecosystems of research activities and projects Applied to Bionics in Institutional Laboratories and Research units in public or private Universities

Parte III - Ecosystems of project activities in Bionics Applied in business models and design studios, FABLab’s, public or private Individual and collective enterprises

Bionics (1958)The term was coined in 1958 by Major Jack Ellwood Steele (1929-2009), being defined as the “analysis of the ways in which living systems act”. Bionics, as well as Biodesign and Biomimicry, study the basic principles of nature (constructive, technological, formal, etc.) for application in technological solutions, and for this reason they have become an interdisciplinary field that combines biology with Engineering, Architecture and Design. Biodesign (1970)The concept of Biodesign emerged in the 1970s, through the German designer Luigi Colani. “Biodesign is a practice that consists of designing a design product from nature, that is, based on materials, shapes or even adaptation strategies arising from a living being. The main characteristic of this practice is the use of living organisms or residues — resulting from these beings — in products or services, which, consequently, make it possible to work with the modification and creation of new organisms. And these organisms will serve as producers of other structures used as a basis for the development of a product”. In this way, the technique puts biology in favor of design and also of architecture. Biomimicry (1997)In 1969 the word Biomimicry gave rise to the title of an article by Otto Schmitt (1913-1998). Although the American researcher Janine Benyus was responsible for the better definition and dissemination of the term Biomimicry. According to her, “biomimicry is defined as the study of biological structures and their functions, aiming at the creation of solutions for the current problems of humanity, uniting functionality, aesthetics and sustainability”.