Resumo:

The aim of this chapter is to provide a brief global overview of energy developments (trends and scenarios) in general, to help the reader to better understand potential future developments in Brazil. And the possible role of biofuels within the paradigm energy shift. In a globalized world with so much interconnected, any impact will resonate beyond national boarders, even in Brazil with its unique conditions for biofuel development.A fundamental question we need to pose in this shifting scenario is, what could be the future of biofuels in a new scenario in which no fuel will have the monopoly of oil and gas? How changes in the rest of the world will affect biofuels, particularly in Brazil? A scenario that will be far more complex, mixed, volatile, and more geographically determined. Biofuels cannot operate on a vacuum, and hence what happen in other sectors, particularly oil, will shape their development. Take, for example, electric vehicles where in some parts of the world, as Europe, could relegate biofuels. In addition, there are two key drivers that will affect the outcome of the energy sector, and consequently biofuels: international response to climate change and environmental sustainability.